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Work done by tradesmen (nursing care)



Costs for shower renovation

Current the Baden-Württemberg tax court recognised the costs for converting the shower in full as extraordinary expenses in accordance with § 33 EStG, although a reasonable burden must be deducted. The costs for materials and labour are medical expenses as they directly alleviate an illness (FG Baden-Württemberg, 19.3.2014, 1 K 3301/12).

The case: A single lady suffers from multiple sclerosis and has a disability degree of 50. A care level has (not yet) been certified. She has the shower in her home converted to be disabled-friendly: The shower tray is removed and a floor-level shower element is installed, the fittings are renewed, the shower cubicle is re-tiled and fitted with a door. The shower is then accessible at floor level and wheelchair accessible.

The tax court did not deduct any value for the new shower. According to the new BFH case law, in the case of disability-related modifications, the expenses are so strongly justified by the compulsion of the disability "that the acquisition of any value is of secondary importance in view of the overall circumstances" (BFH ruling of 24.2.2011, BStBl. 2011 II p. 1012).

Furthermore, a marketable advantage is also disregarded: "A value that is based solely on the possible use of the modifications by non-disabled family members is not a real value and is therefore unsuitable to justify a prohibition on deduction" (BFH ruling of 22.10.2009, BStBl. 2010 II p. 280).

Costs for shower renovation



Kosten für Einbau eines Fahrstuhls

Früher nicht absetzbar – heute steuerlich anerkannt

Lange Zeit wurden die Kosten für den Einbau eines Fahrstuhls oder Anbau eines Aufzugsturms im eigenen Wohnhaus nicht als außergewöhnliche Belastungen anerkannt. Die Finanzverwaltung argumentierte, solche Baumaßnahmen seien wertsteigernd und könnten auch von Nichtbehinderten genutzt werden.

Doch das hat sich geändert.

Neue BFH-Rechtsprechung: Gegenwert spielt keine entscheidende Rolle mehr

Der Bundesfinanzhof (BFH) hat in mehreren Urteilen deutlich gemacht, dass der Wertzuwachs oder ein möglicher Marktvorteil durch die Maßnahme keine wesentliche Rolle mehr spielt:

  • BFH-Urteil vom 22.10.2009, BStBl. 2010 II S. 280
  • BFH-Urteil vom 24.02.2011, BStBl. 2011 II S. 1012

Entscheidend ist nun: medizinische Notwendigkeit.

FG Köln: Fahrstuhl trotz hoher Kosten als außergewöhnliche Belastung anerkannt

Das Finanzgericht Köln erkannte in einem Fall die Kosten von 65.000 Euro für den Fahrstuhleinbau als außergewöhnliche Belastung an. Begründung:

  • Ein günstiger Treppenlift war technisch nicht möglich
  • Der Fahrstuhl war medizinisch notwendig

Urteil FG Köln vom 27.08.2014, Az. 14 K 2517/12

Steuerlich absetzbar bei medizinischer Indikation

Medizinisch indizierte Maßnahmen können als außergewöhnliche Belastungen geltend gemacht werden – auch ohne amtsärztliches Gutachten oder vorherige Bescheinigung.

Wichtig:

  • Es genügt die medizinische Begründung (z. B. durch ein ärztliches Attest)
  • Es muss nicht die „günstigste“ oder „einfachste“ Lösung sein
  • Eine medizinisch angemessene Maßnahme reicht aus

Der Fahrstuhl gilt nach BFH als medizinisches Hilfsmittel im engeren Sinne, das ausschließlich Behinderten oder Kranken dient, um deren Leiden zu lindern:

BFH-Urteil vom 06.02.2014, VI R 61/12

Keine Verteilung auf mehrere Jahre möglich

Ein häufiger Stolperstein:
Die hohen Kosten können nur im Jahr der Zahlung abgesetzt werden. Ist die steuerliche Auswirkung in diesem Jahr gering – z. B. durch niedrige Einkünfte –, verpufft der Steuervorteil teilweise oder ganz.

Die Finanzverwaltung erlaubt keine Verteilung der Kosten auf mehrere Jahre (R 33.4 Abs. 4 und 5 EStR).

Diese Regelung wurde vom BFH bestätigt:

BFH-Urteil vom 12.07.2017, VI R 36/15

Steuerrat: So holen Sie das Beste aus der Maßnahme heraus
  • Lassen Sie sich die medizinische Notwendigkeit des Fahrstuhls schriftlich bescheinigen.
  • Prüfen Sie, ob Sie andere abziehbare Kosten bündeln können, um den Steuerabzug effektiver zu nutzen.
  • Erwägen Sie ggf. die Verschiebung der Zahlung in ein Jahr mit höherem Einkommen, um den vollen Effekt zu erzielen.

Kosten für Einbau eines Fahrstuhls



Can high renovation costs be spread over five years?

Disabled individuals often face very high expenses that healthy individuals do not have. This is particularly true for adapting the living environment for disability needs, such as barrier-free modifications in the home, installation of a stair lift, addition of a lift, construction of a wheelchair ramp, vehicle conversion, etc.

As these are unavoidable expenses, they can be deducted as general extraordinary expenses under section 33 of the Income Tax Act, subject to a reasonable burden. Due to the tax cash principle, the expenses must be fully declared in the year of payment in the tax return.

However, the full deduction in the year of expenditure may be ineffective if the extraordinary expenses exceed the total income from which they are to be deducted. In this case, the tax deductibility does not provide the desired relief effect. For this situation, the Federal Fiscal Court suggested a leniency regulation (section 163 of the Fiscal Code): Affected individuals should have the option to spread the high expenses over several years (BFH ruling of 22.10.2009, VI R 7/09).

However, the tax authorities are resistant and still state in the 2015 income tax guidelines:

"A distribution over several years is not permitted" (R 33.4 paras. 4 and 5 EStR). Unfortunately, the Federal Fiscal Court confirmed the strict stance of the tax authorities and ruled that extraordinary expenses are generally deductible in the year they are incurred. High costs for disability-friendly home modifications cannot be spread over several years for reasons of leniency if they have only a very limited tax effect in the calendar year in which they were incurred (BFH ruling of 12.7.2017, VI R 36/15).

Can high renovation costs be spread over five years?


Field help

Craftsman services

Total of tradesmen's services within the scope of nursing care

Designation

Enter here a name for the tradesmen's services within the framework of nursing care.

If you had to carry out reconstruction work on or in your house or apartment because of your disability, you can enter the costs here.

Expenses for the disabled-friendly reconstruction of a property can be considered as exceptional costs in addition to the fixed allowance for disabled persons.

Labour costs which, by deducting the reasonable burden, do not have a tax effect in the area of exceptional costs can be claimed under the tax relief pursuant to section 35a of the Income Tax Act (EStG).

You can also find an exemplary list of favoured and non-favoured household services and work done by tradesmen, in the letter of the Federal Ministry of Finance (BMF) dated 09.11.2016 and with a new amendment on the topic of "pavement cleaning" in the Federal Ministry of Finance's letter of 01.09.2021.

Costs

Enter the amount of the costs incurred for work done by tradesmen within the scope of nursing care.

If you had to carry out reconstruction work on or in your house or apartment because of your disability, you can enter the costs here.

All expenses for the disabled-friendly reconstruction of a property can be considered as exceptional costs in addition to the fixed allowance for disabled persons.

Labour costs which, by deducting the reasonable burden, do not have a tax effect in the area of exceptional costs can be claimed under the tax relief pursuant to section 35a of the Income Tax Act (EStG).

Reimbursements

Enter the amount of reimbursements received.

If you had to carry out reconstruction work on or in your house or apartment because of your disability, you can enter the costs here.

All expenses for the disabled-friendly reconstruction of a property can be considered as exceptional costs in addition to the fixed allowance for disabled persons.

Labour costs which, by deducting the reasonable burden, do not have a tax effect in the area of exceptional costs can be claimed under the tax relief pursuant to section 35a of the Income Tax Act (EStG).

Included labour costs

Enter here the labour costs included in the total costs.

If you had to carry out reconstruction work on or in your house or apartment because of your disability, you can enter the costs here.

All expenses for the disabled-friendly reconstruction of a property can be considered as exceptional costs in addition to the fixed allowance for disabled persons.

Labour costs which, by deducting the reasonable burden, do not have a tax effect in the area of exceptional costs can be claimed under the tax relief pursuant to section 35a of the Income Tax Act (EStG).


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